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Poland· by the numbers

36,357,710
Population right now, ticking live from the last confirmed count.▼ shrinking36,435,861 (World Bank, 2025) + −123,372/year × elapsed time since 2025-12-31 — open formula, updates every ticksource: World Bank · indicator year: 2025 · license: CC BY 4.0 · 1 in 225 on Earth

Poland's population is 36,435,861 (2025) — the 44th-largest in the world and the 8th-largest in Europe, shrinking by about 123,372 people a year.

Where it ranksCompare →Updated 2026-08-19

Poland Facts at a Glance

Six numbers that summarise the country — population trend, rank, density, wealth, prices, share of humanity.

Population#44 of 217
36,435,861
Area
312,685 km²
119.0 km² land area
GDP#21 of 186
$1.04T
GDP / capita
$28,420
2025
#21 economy overall
Price level#84 of 200
49 / US 100
cost of living
Share of humanity
0.44%
1 in 225 people on Earth lives in Poland

Poland in World Rankings

Every world ranking we publish, this country’s place in each, and its overall percentile shape.

Population36,435,861 people
#44 / 217
GDP$1.04T
#21 / 186
Average income$25,520 GNI per person
#42 / 182
Life expectancy78.4 years
#62 / 217
Average height180.7 cm (male)
#14 / 200
Median age41.3 years, half older
#38 / 220
Cleanest air16.52 µg/m³ PM2.5
#94 / 200
Safest countries0.8 homicides / 100k
#36 / 196
Most dangerous0.8 homicides / 100k
#165 / 196
Internet users88.6% of population online
#66 / 182
PopulationGDPIncomeLife exp.HeightMedian ageClean airSafetyDangerOnline
Percentile in each ranking — further from centre is a higher rank (closer to #1).

Is Poland's Population Declining?

Yes. Poland's population fell by 123,372 people (-0.34%) between 2024 and 2025. The fertility rate is 1.1 births per woman — below the ~2.1 replacement level. Net migration was negative in the latest year on record.

Population, 1960 to 2025

66 years of estimates from the same source.

Source: World Bank (SP.POP.TOTL) · annual estimates, 1960–2025 · hover the line for any year.

Poland Demographics

Every indicator has its own source and dataset year — shown honestly rather than smoothed into one.

Population density2025
119.0 people / km²
306,270 km² land area, 2025
Median age2023
41.3 years
half the population is older, half younger
Life expectancy2024
78.4 years
M 74.8 · F 82.2
Average height2019
180.7 cm (male)
female 165.8 cm
Homicide rate2023
0.8 per 100,000
#36 safest of 196
Air quality (PM2.5)2023
16.5 µg/m³
lower is cleaner
Urban population2025
60.1 %
share living in cities
Fertility rate2025
1.1 births / woman
replacement level ≈ 2.1
Net migration2025
−330,820 people
negative in latest year
Aged 65+2025
20.8 %
share of the population 65 or older

Age & sex structure

17 five-year bands, male and female, 2025.

Male — 17,645,221Female — 18,790,637
0-4 · Male: 775,6860-4 · Female: 731,5650-45-9 · Male: 939,4455-9 · Female: 889,1235-910-14 · Male: 991,76810-14 · Female: 941,17810-1415-19 · Male: 1,002,44215-19 · Female: 953,25615-1920-24 · Male: 857,59720-24 · Female: 818,93920-2425-29 · Male: 989,74225-29 · Female: 949,00425-2930-34 · Male: 1,218,61030-34 · Female: 1,166,86230-3435-39 · Male: 1,433,51635-39 · Female: 1,385,46735-3940-44 · Male: 1,584,68240-44 · Female: 1,542,43340-4445-49 · Male: 1,469,71745-49 · Female: 1,448,30345-4950-54 · Male: 1,251,18850-54 · Female: 1,257,66250-5455-59 · Male: 1,034,31555-59 · Female: 1,075,60455-5960-64 · Male: 1,031,38160-64 · Female: 1,134,53960-6465-69 · Male: 1,076,28265-69 · Female: 1,298,34765-6970-74 · Male: 906,98870-74 · Female: 1,222,94570-7475-79 · Male: 583,32075-79 · Female: 890,25075-7980+ · Male: 498,54280+ · Female: 1,085,16080+

Largest cities

By population, GeoNames city-proper figures (not metro area).

1
Warsaw
1,702,139
2
Kraków
816,614
3
Wrocław
672,545
4
Łódź
639,890
5
Poznań
536,151
6
Gdańsk
487,371
7
Szczecin
395,513
8
Lublin
336,339
9
Bydgoszcz
330,038
10
Białystok
295,683
11
Katowice
286,960
12
Gdynia
257,000

Where is Poland Located?

Capital
Warsaw
Currency
Zloty (PLN)
Language(s)
Polish
Region
Europe & Central Asia
Continent
43 countries in Europe →
Land area
306,270 km²
Area (GeoNames)
312,685 km²
Borders
7 countries
Shares a border with
GermanyLithuaniaSlovakiaCzechiaBelarusUkraineRussia

You, in Poland

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Compare Poland with:
GermanyLithuaniaSlovakiaCzechiaBelarusUkraine
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Frequently asked

What is the population of Poland?

Poland's population is 36,435,861 as of 2025 (World Bank estimate), ranking #44 of 217 countries and territories by population.

How many people live in Poland?

36,435,861 people, as of the 2025 World Bank estimate — the most recent figure this page tracks.

What is Poland's population density?

119.0 people per km², based on a land area of 306,270 km².

What is Poland ranked in population worldwide?

#44 of 217 countries and territories by population — see the full ranking table for every country's position.

What is the life expectancy in Poland?

78.4 years on average (2024) — 74.8 for men, 82.2 for women.

What is Poland's GDP?

$1.04T, ranking #21 of 186 economies we track — $28,420 per capita.

Is Poland's population declining?

Yes. Poland's population has been shrinking, falling by 123,372 people (-0.34%) between 2024 and 2025.

Cite this page

CC BY 4.0

Our compilation on this page — the figures as arranged, ranked and dated here — is published under CC BY 4.0. Reuse it anywhere, including commercially, with a link back. The underlying data belongs to the organizations credited below.

Us, by Numbers. "Us, by Numbers." https://usbynumbers.com

Sources