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Romania· by the numbers

19,000,296
Population right now, ticking live from the last confirmed count.▼ shrinking19,020,271 (World Bank, 2025) + −31,533/year × elapsed time since 2025-12-31 — open formula, updates every ticksource: World Bank · indicator year: 2025 · license: CC BY 4.0 · 1 in 432 on Earth

Romania's population is 19,020,271 (2025) — the 67th-largest in the world and the 9th-largest in Europe, shrinking by about 31,533 people a year.

Where it ranksCompare →Updated 2026-08-19

Romania Facts at a Glance

Six numbers that summarise the country — population trend, rank, density, wealth, prices, share of humanity.

Population#67 of 217
19,020,271
Area
237,500 km²
82.7 km² land area
GDP#37 of 186
$428.7B
GDP / capita
$22,538
2025
#37 economy overall
Price level#113 of 200
41 / US 100
cost of living
Share of humanity
0.23%
1 in 432 people on Earth lives in Romania

Romania in World Rankings

Every world ranking we publish, this country’s place in each, and its overall percentile shape.

Population19,020,271 people
#67 / 217
GDP$428.7B
#37 / 186
Average income$20,190 GNI per person
#51 / 182
Life expectancy76.5 years
#94 / 217
Average height177.8 cm (male)
#40 / 200
Median age42.6 years, half older
#28 / 220
Cleanest air16.01 µg/m³ PM2.5
#92 / 200
Safest countries1.1 homicides / 100k
#49 / 196
Most dangerous1.1 homicides / 100k
#146 / 196
Internet users91.3% of population online
#48 / 182
PopulationGDPIncomeLife exp.HeightMedian ageClean airSafetyDangerOnline
Percentile in each ranking — further from centre is a higher rank (closer to #1).

Is Romania's Population Declining?

Yes. Romania's population fell by 31,533 people (-0.17%) between 2024 and 2025. The fertility rate is 1.4 births per woman — below the ~2.1 replacement level. Net migration was negative in the latest year on record.

Population, 1960 to 2025

66 years of estimates from the same source.

Source: World Bank (SP.POP.TOTL) · annual estimates, 1960–2025 · hover the line for any year.

Romania Demographics

Every indicator has its own source and dataset year — shown honestly rather than smoothed into one.

Population density2025
82.7 people / km²
230,080 km² land area, 2025
Median age2023
42.6 years
half the population is older, half younger
Life expectancy2024
76.5 years
M 72.8 · F 80.3
Average height2019
177.8 cm (male)
female 164.7 cm
Homicide rate2023
1.1 per 100,000
#49 safest of 196
Air quality (PM2.5)2023
16.0 µg/m³
lower is cleaner
Urban population2025
52.2 %
share living in cities
Fertility rate2025
1.4 births / woman
replacement level ≈ 2.1
Net migration2025
−29,041 people
negative in latest year
Aged 65+2025
20.1 %
share of the population 65 or older

Age & sex structure

17 five-year bands, male and female, 2025.

Male — 9,211,813Female — 9,808,458
0-4 · Male: 470,9040-4 · Female: 446,4450-45-9 · Male: 521,8345-9 · Female: 498,9135-910-14 · Male: 521,57310-14 · Female: 498,98810-1415-19 · Male: 561,47415-19 · Female: 538,46415-1920-24 · Male: 517,46220-24 · Female: 496,83620-2425-29 · Male: 511,91625-29 · Female: 490,68625-2930-34 · Male: 544,08530-34 · Female: 516,59030-3435-39 · Male: 695,93935-39 · Female: 657,51235-3940-44 · Male: 644,26240-44 · Female: 599,87440-4445-49 · Male: 764,34545-49 · Female: 733,54645-4950-54 · Male: 735,91950-54 · Female: 727,79050-5455-59 · Male: 736,72755-59 · Female: 766,48655-5960-64 · Male: 464,57760-64 · Female: 526,74560-6465-69 · Male: 499,66265-69 · Female: 652,68865-6970-74 · Male: 442,08070-74 · Female: 635,12170-7475-79 · Male: 295,58475-79 · Female: 466,95075-7980+ · Male: 283,47080+ · Female: 554,82480+

Largest cities

By population, GeoNames city-proper figures (not metro area).

1
Bucharest
1,877,155
2
Sector 3
385,439
3
Iaşi
378,954
4
Sector 6
367,760
5
Constanţa
317,832
6
Sector 2
290,507
7
Sector 4
287,828
8
Cluj-Napoca
286,598
9
Sector 5
271,575
10
Braşov
253,200
11
Timişoara
250,849
12
Craiova
234,140

Where is Romania Located?

Capital
Bucharest
Currency
Leu (RON)
Language(s)
Romanian, Hungarian, ROM
Region
Europe & Central Asia
Continent
43 countries in Europe →
Land area
230,080 km²
Area (GeoNames)
237,500 km²
Borders
5 countries
Shares a border with
MoldovaHungaryUkraineBulgariaSerbia

You, in Romania

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MoldovaHungaryUkraineBulgariaSerbia
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Frequently asked

What is the population of Romania?

Romania's population is 19,020,271 as of 2025 (World Bank estimate), ranking #67 of 217 countries and territories by population.

How many people live in Romania?

19,020,271 people, as of the 2025 World Bank estimate — the most recent figure this page tracks.

What is Romania's population density?

82.7 people per km², based on a land area of 230,080 km².

What is Romania ranked in population worldwide?

#67 of 217 countries and territories by population — see the full ranking table for every country's position.

What is the life expectancy in Romania?

76.5 years on average (2024) — 72.8 for men, 80.3 for women.

What is Romania's GDP?

$428.7B, ranking #37 of 186 economies we track — $22,538 per capita.

Is Romania's population declining?

Yes. Romania's population has been shrinking, falling by 31,533 people (-0.17%) between 2024 and 2025.

Cite this page

CC BY 4.0

Our compilation on this page — the figures as arranged, ranked and dated here — is published under CC BY 4.0. Reuse it anywhere, including commercially, with a link back. The underlying data belongs to the organizations credited below.

Us, by Numbers. "Us, by Numbers." https://usbynumbers.com

Sources