COUNTRY PROFILEEstonia
Estonia's population is 1,366,475 (2025) — the 157th-largest in the world and the 35th-largest in Europe, shrinking by about 5,866 people a year.
1,363,203
Population right now, ticking live from the last confirmed count.▼ shrinking1,366,475 (World Bank, 2025) + −5,866/year × elapsed time since 2025-12-31 — open formula, updates every tick
Estonia Facts at a Glance
Five numbers that summarise the country — population trend, rank, density, wealth, share of humanity.
Population2025
1,366,475
World rank
#157
of 217 tracked geographies
Density
32.0 / km²
42,730 km² land area
GDP / capita
$34,418
#101 economy overall
Share of humanity
1 in 6024 people on Earth lives in Estonia
Is Estonia's Population Declining?
Yes. Estonia's population fell by 5,866 people (-0.43%) between 2024 and 2025. The fertility rate is 1.2 births per woman — below the ~2.1 replacement level. Net migration was negative in the latest year on record.
You, in Estonia
A personal read on the numbers above — nothing is stored, it never leaves your browser.
Enter a birth year between 1960 and 2025 to see where you'd land.
Estonia Demographics
Every indicator has its own source and dataset year — shown honestly rather than smoothed into one.
Population density2025
32.0 people / km²
42,730 km² land area, 2025
Median age2025
43.8 years
half the population is older, half younger
Life expectancy2024
79.3 years
M 75.1 · F 83.7
Average height2019
182.8 cm (male)
female 168.7 cm
Homicide rate2023
1.5 per 100,000
#66 safest of 196
Air quality (PM2.5)2023
5.9 µg/m³
lower is cleaner
Urban population2025
70.7 %
share living in cities
Fertility rate2025
1.2 births / woman
replacement level ≈ 2.1
Net migration2025
−13,350 people
negative in latest year
Estonia in World Rankings
Every world ranking we publish, where this country sits in each one, and its overall percentile profile.
Population1,366,475 people
#157 / 217
→
GDP$47.0B
#101 / 186
→
Life expectancy79.3 years
#56 / 217
→
Average height182.8 cm (male)
#3 / 200
→
Cleanest air5.92 µg/m³ PM2.5
#19 / 200
→
Safest countries1.5 homicides / 100k
#66 / 196
→
Most dangerous1.5 homicides / 100k
#126 / 196
→
Percentile in each ranking — further from centre is a higher rank (closer to #1).
Population, 1960 to 2025
66 years of estimates from the same source.
Source: World Bank (SP.POP.TOTL) · annual estimates, 1960–2025 · hover the line for any year.
Age & sex structure
17 five-year bands, male and female, 2025.
Male — 650,458Female — 716,020
Largest cities
By population, GeoNames city-proper figures (not metro area).
Where is Estonia Located?
- Capital
- Tallinn
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Language(s)
- Estonian, Russian
- Region
- Europe & Central Asia
- Continent
- 43 countries in Europe →
- Land area
- 42,730 km²
- Area (GeoNames)
- 45,226 km²
- Borders
- 2 countries
Russia
LatviaEstoniaVSExplore Estonia in Every Ranking
Jump straight to the full world table for any of these indicators.
Frequently asked
What is the population of Estonia?
Estonia's population is 1,366,475 as of 2025 (World Bank estimate), ranking #157 of 217 countries and territories by population.
How many people live in Estonia?
1,366,475 people, as of the 2025 World Bank estimate — the most recent figure this page tracks.
What is Estonia's population density?
32.0 people per km², based on a land area of 42,730 km².
What is Estonia ranked in population worldwide?
#157 of 217 countries and territories by population — see the full ranking table for every country's position.
What is the life expectancy in Estonia?
79.3 years on average (2024) — 75.1 for men, 83.7 for women.
What is Estonia's GDP?
$47.0B, ranking #101 of 186 economies we track — $34,418 per capita.
Is Estonia's population declining?
Yes. Estonia's population has been shrinking, falling by 5,866 people (-0.43%) between 2024 and 2025.
Sources
World Bank Open Data
CC BY 4.0 · population, GDP, life expectancy, homicide, PM2.5, vitals
data.worldbank.org →